Scrum

Scrum is an agile project management framework primarily used in software development. It emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and iterative progress, allowing teams to adapt to changes and deliver high-quality products. Scrum was first introduced in 1986 by Hirotaka Takeuchi and Ikujiro Nonaka and was later formalized by Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland in the 1990s.

Scrum is centered around the concept of "sprints," which are time-boxed iterations, typically lasting two to four weeks. During a sprint, a cross-functional team works together to complete a set of prioritized tasks called "user stories" from a larger list known as the "product backlog." The Scrum Master, a facilitator and coach, ensures the team follows Scrum practices and removes any obstacles that may hinder progress.

At the beginning of each sprint, the team conducts a "sprint planning" meeting to select user stories from the product backlog, breaking them down into smaller tasks. The team commits to completing these tasks within the sprint. Daily "stand-up" meetings are held to track progress, address issues, and ensure transparency.

The "product owner" is responsible for defining and prioritizing the product backlog, ensuring the team is focused on delivering valuable features. The product owner and the team collaborate closely to refine and adjust the backlog based on user feedback and market conditions.

At the end of each sprint, the team demonstrates the completed work during a "sprint review" meeting, where stakeholders provide feedback. Following this, a "sprint retrospective" is held to identify improvements for the next sprint.

Scrum's key principles include transparency, inspection, and adaptation, which help teams to quickly respond to changes, foster a culture of continuous improvement, and ultimately deliver high-quality products that meet customer needs.

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